Appendicitis is a medical condition defined by inflammation in the appendix, a small pouch situated at the onset of the large intestine. Various factors can contribute to this inflammation, necessitating immediate medical attention due to the potential complications, including a ruptured appendix. Recognizing the symptoms and understanding the causes of appendicitis is essential for early detection and timely intervention.

Symptoms:

Abdominal Pain: The most common and hallmark symptom of appendicitis is abdominal pain.
At the outset, the pain may commence in the vicinity of the belly button and subsequently move towards the lower right side of the abdomen. The pain often intensifies quickly and becomes sharp. 

Loss of Appetite: People with appendicitis may experience a loss of appetite. Nausea and, in some cases, vomiting can also accompany this symptom.

Fever: Fever is a common response to inflammation. Individuals with appendicitis may develop a fever, especially if the appendix is perforated.

Abdominal Tenderness: The abdomen may become sensitive to touch, and pressing on the lower right side may cause increased pain.

Difficulty Passing Gas or Having a Bowel Movement: Appendicitis can cause changes in bowel habits, including constipation or difficulty passing gas.

Swelling and Rigidity: In some cases, the abdomen may become swollen, and the muscles might become rigid due to inflammation.

Causes:

Obstruction: The most common cause of appendicitis is the obstruction of the appendix. This obstruction can result from a variety of factors, such as hardened stool, enlarged lymphoid follicles, or, less commonly, tumors.

Infections: Inflammation can result from bacterial infection, and in the case of appendicitis, this can happen when the normal bacteria in the appendix grow and cause an inflammatory reaction.

Enlarged Lymphoid Follicles: Lymphoid tissue in the appendix may become enlarged, leading to obstruction and subsequent inflammation.

Gastrointestinal Viral Infections: Viral infections affecting the gastrointestinal tract can sometimes trigger inflammation in the appendix.

Trauma: Though rare, trauma to the abdomen may contribute to appendicitis. This can be the result of an injury or accident.

Genetic Factors: Genetic factors may play a role in appendicitis, as indicated by some studies. This suggests that individuals with a family history of the condition may be at a heightened risk.

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